{"n":88,"items":[{"s":"cancellation-compensation-letter","t":"Cancelled Flight Compensation Letter Template (EU261)","d":"€250, €400 or €600 (£220, £350 or £520 in the UK) when a flight is cancelled under 14 days' notice. Copy-paste letter citing Articles 5, 7 and 8.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 01","ty":"letter","sit":["cancel","refund"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["When can the airline avoid paying for a cancellation?","Claiming against a specific airline","The airline moved me to another flight and called it a change, not a cancellation","Do I still get compensation if I accepted the alternative flight?"]},{"s":"delay-compensation-letter","t":"Flight Delay Compensation Letter Template (EU261/UK261)","d":"€250, €400 or €600 under EU261 and £220, £350 or £520 under UK261 when you land 3+ hours late. Free copy-paste claim letter citing Article 7.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 02","ty":"letter","sit":["delay"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Where does the three-hour rule come from?","Claiming against a specific airline","Does a cheap ticket mean a smaller payment?","What if the airline blames weather or a technical fault?","How long do I have to send it?"]},{"s":"denied-boarding-letter","t":"Denied Boarding Compensation Letter (EU261 & US DOT)","d":"€250–€600 in the EU, £220–£520 in the UK, or 200–400% of your fare capped at $1,075/$2,150 in the US. Two copy-paste bumping letters.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 03","ty":"letter","sit":["bumped","refund"],"jur":["eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Does denied boarding only mean overbooking?","Claiming against a specific airline","I volunteered at the gate — can I still claim?","Is there any minimum delay for the EU amount?"]},{"s":"missed-connection-letter","t":"Missed Connection Compensation Letter (EU261/UK261)","d":"€250, €400 or €600 (£220–£520 in the UK) when a late first leg cost you the connection and you landed 3+ hours late. Copy-paste claim letter.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 04","ty":"letter","sit":["connection","delay"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["Why does the delay at the connection not matter?","Which airline do I write to?","Does the whole journey have to be covered by EU261?"]},{"s":"airline-refused-to-rebook-letter","t":"Airline Won't Re-Route You? Article 8 Demand Letter","d":"Article 8(1)(b) gives you re-routing at the earliest opportunity, on another airline if needed. Free letter, and how to recover a fare you bought yourself.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 05","ty":"letter","sit":["cancel","bumped","refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Does a five-hour delay give me this right?","Does the airline really have to put me on a competitor?","What can I actually recover if I buy my own ticket?","Do I still get compensation as well?"]},{"s":"canada-appr-claim-letter","t":"Canada APPR Compensation Claim Letter (CAD 400–1,000)","d":"Copy-paste letter claiming CAD 400, 700 or 1,000 under section 19 of Canada's APPR, and making the airline name the category and the reason in writing.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 06","ty":"letter","sit":["delay","cancel"],"jur":["ca"],"air":"","m":5,"l":1,"h":["Why does the letter ask which category the disruption falls in?","What if the airline says it was outside its control?","Can I claim under EU261 for the same flight?","How long does the airline have to pay?"]},{"s":"voucher-to-cash-letter","t":"Voucher to Cash Letter: Demand the Money Instead","d":"Free letter demanding cash instead of a travel voucher: Article 8(1)(a) owes the ticket back within 7 days and Article 7(3) needs your signed agreement.","c":"claim","cl":"Compensation claims","code":"CL 07","ty":"letter","sit":["voucher","refund"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["When this letter works, and when it does not","What if my flight was part of a package?","What if the airline says my card has expired?","What if the airline ignores the letter?"]},{"s":"british-airways-compensation","t":"British Airways Compensation Claim (UK261 / EU261)","d":"Claim £220, £350 or £520 from British Airways, or €250 to €600 on an EU departure. BA's ADR scheme is CEDR, whose decision binds the airline.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 01","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"BA British Airways","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your British Airways flight","British Airways went to the Court of Justice to kill the three-hour rule","We could not confirm a claim URL","BA CityFlyer and BA EuroFlyer are separate airlines","Which band you are actually in","Where a BA claim goes after a refusal","Does British Airways have to pay cash rather than Avios?","My BA flight was late because the inbound aircraft was late. Is that extraordinary?","How long do I have to claim against British Airways?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"easyjet-compensation","t":"easyJet Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250–€600 or £220–£520 from easyJet for a delayed or cancelled flight. Two easyJet forms handle compensation and expenses — use the right one.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 02","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"U2 easyJet","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your easyJet flight","Check which easyJet entity operated your flight","easyJet argued against the three-hour rule and lost","Two forms, not one — this is the easyJet-specific trap","Expenses are owed even when compensation is not","If easyJet refuses","Is compensation separate from a refund?","easyJet re-routed me and I still arrived late. Do I get less?","easyJet offered a voucher. Do I have to take it?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"jet2-compensation","t":"Jet2 Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim £220, £350 or £520 from Jet2.com, or €250 to €600 on an EU departure. Jet2 is in neither CAA-approved ADR scheme, so a refusal goes to CAA PACT.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 03","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"LS Jet2","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Jet2 flight","No ADR scheme covers Jet2 — plan the escalation before you write","Jet2 is the airline in the leading English technical-fault case","We could not confirm a claim URL","Which band you are actually in","Jet2 blamed a technical fault. Do I still get paid?","Is there a binding ADR scheme for a Jet2 claim?","How long do I have to claim against Jet2?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"ryanair-compensation","t":"Ryanair Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250–€600 from Ryanair for a delayed, cancelled or overbooked flight, through Ryanair's own EU261 route, and escalate to AviationADR if it refuses.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 04","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"FR Ryanair","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Ryanair flight","Where the €600 band does and does not arise","Ryanair Group is more than one airline","Two Court of Justice cases with Ryanair as a party","If Ryanair refuses","Does Ryanair pay compensation for weather delays?","Can I claim on a €20 Ryanair fare?","Ryanair sent a voucher instead of money","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"wizz-air-compensation","t":"Wizz Air Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from Wizz Air — £220 to £520 from a UK airport — through its own EC261 form, which Wizz Air's page says it answers in 30 days.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 05","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"W6 Wizz Air","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Wizz Air flight","The claim goes through one form, and Wizz Air states a reply time","Why the €600 band rarely arises on this network","Check the operating carrier before you send anything","Where a Wizz Air claim goes after a refusal","How long does Wizz Air take to reply to a claim?","Can Wizz Air pay compensation as account credit?","Can I claim on a cheap Wizz Air fare?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"air-france-compensation","t":"Air France Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from Air France. It was a defendant in the 2009 judgment that created the three-hour delay right, and the DGAC hears refusals.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 06","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"AF Air France","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Air France flight","Air France was a defendant in the case that created the three-hour right","The claim route, and the French escalation trap","Which band you are in, and when it can be halved","Where an Air France claim goes after a refusal","Air France blamed a strike. Do I still get compensation?","How do I escalate an Air France claim?","Is compensation separate from getting my money back?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"iberia-compensation","t":"Iberia Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from Iberia — but check first whether Iberia Express or Air Nostrum flew you, because the operating carrier owes the money.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 07","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"IB Iberia","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Iberia flight","Iberia Express and Air Nostrum are separate airlines","Iberia is the airline in the case that widened \"denied boarding\"","We could not confirm a claim URL","Which band you are in, and when it can be halved","Where an Iberia claim goes after a refusal","My \"Iberia\" flight was operated by Iberia Express. Who pays?","Iberia stopped me boarding my connection. Is that denied boarding?","How long do I have to claim against Iberia?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"klm-compensation","t":"KLM Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from KLM through its own compensation form. KLM lost the CJEU case that says an unexpected technical fault is not extraordinary.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 08","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"KL KLM","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your KLM flight","KLM is the airline in the case that killed the technical-fault defence","The claim form KLM publishes","A Schiphol connection is one journey, not two","Where a KLM claim goes after a refusal","Does a technical fault let KLM out of paying?","KLM offered a travel voucher. Can I insist on money?","My connection through Amsterdam was the problem. Does that count?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"lufthansa-compensation","t":"Lufthansa Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from Lufthansa — £220 to £520 from the UK. Lufthansa lost the case that fixed the three-hour rule, and the LBA hears refusals.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 09","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"LH Lufthansa","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Lufthansa flight","Lufthansa is the airline named in the case that settled the three-hour rule","Your \"Lufthansa\" flight may not have been operated by Lufthansa","We could not confirm a claim URL","Which band you are in, and when it can be halved","Where a Lufthansa claim goes after a refusal","I missed my connection in Frankfurt. Can I still claim?","Which Lufthansa Group airline do I claim from?","How long do I have to claim in Germany?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"tap-air-portugal-compensation","t":"TAP Air Portugal Compensation Claim (EU261)","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from TAP Air Portugal through its own complaints form. Its own CJEU case sets the limits on the knock-on-delay defence.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 10","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"TP TAP Air Portugal","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your TAP flight","TAP's own case decides the two arguments it is most likely to make","Where the claim goes","A Lisbon connection is one journey","TAP blamed a disruptive passenger. Do I lose the compensation?","TAP says an earlier delay to the same aircraft caused mine. Is that a defence?","My connection in Lisbon made me late. Can I claim?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"vueling-compensation","t":"Vueling Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"Claim €250, €400 or €600 from Vueling through its own complaints form, then take a refusal to Spain's AESA — and know that no UK ADR scheme covers it.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 11","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"VY Vueling","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Vueling flight","Claim to Vueling first — the Spanish route depends on it","No UK ADR scheme covers Vueling","Which band you are actually in","Where do I complain if Vueling refuses?","Can I claim on a cheap Vueling fare?","Vueling offered a voucher. Do I have to take it?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"aer-lingus-compensation","t":"Aer Lingus Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Aer Lingus after a 3-hour arrival delay. Dublin–Madrid is the €250 band, and Aer Lingus Regional has a different defendant.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 12","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"EI Aer Lingus","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Aer Lingus flight","Dublin–Madrid is the €250 band, not €400","Aer Lingus Regional is a different defendant","Where to send it, and where it goes next","Does a technical fault let Aer Lingus out of paying?","Can Aer Lingus pay me in vouchers?","My connection through Dublin was the problem. Does it count?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"air-canada-appr-compensation","t":"Air Canada Compensation Claim: APPR Delays & Bumping","d":"CAD 400, 700 or 1,000 from Air Canada for a late arrival under the APPR, CAD 900 to 2,400 for denied boarding, and the Air Canada Express trap.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 13","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["ca","eu"],"air":"AC Air Canada","m":6,"l":0,"h":["How the airline takes the claim","The amounts Air Canada itself publishes","Air Canada Express does not shrink your claim","Which regime applies to your Air Canada flight","What if Air Canada refuses?","Does Air Canada have to pay cash rather than a voucher?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"american-airlines-compensation","t":"American Airlines Compensation: DOT Refunds & EU261","d":"American owes no US cash for a delay: the rights are refunds and bumping pay capped at $1,075 or $2,150. Leaving an EU airport, EU261 pays €250–€600.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 14","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","refund","connection"],"jur":["us","eu","intl"],"air":"AA American Airlines","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your American Airlines flight","The American Airlines case on one-ticket connections","Where a European American departure lands","The US rights, in one screen","What has American itself committed to?","What if American refuses the claim?","The one enforcement pause you should know about","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"austrian-airlines-compensation","t":"Austrian Airlines Compensation Claim: Delays & Refusals","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Austrian Airlines, and Vienna–London is the €250 band. C-451/20: a trip that only connects in Vienna falls outside EU261.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 15","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","connection"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"OS Austrian","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Austrian flight","The other case with Austrian's name on it","Where the bands land from Vienna","Name the right company","Where an Austrian claim goes after a refusal","My connection in Vienna made me late. Does that count?","Austrian blamed the weather. Is that the end of it?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"delta-compensation","t":"Delta Compensation & Refunds: DOT Rules and EU261","d":"Delta owes no US cash for a delay: the rights are refunds and bumping pay capped at $1,075 or $2,150. Leaving an EU airport, EU261 pays €250–€600 instead.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 16","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","refund","bag"],"jur":["us","eu","intl"],"air":"DL Delta","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your Delta flight","Delta departures from Europe: the top band","What Delta itself has committed to","The US rights, in one screen","Is Delta ever covered by EU261 flying into Europe?","What if Delta refuses the claim?","The one enforcement pause you should know about","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"emirates-compensation","t":"Emirates Compensation: EU261 From Europe, Montreal Elsewhere","d":"Emirates owes €250–€600 under EU261 leaving an EU airport and £220–£520 leaving the UK. Flying back from Dubai, only the Montreal Convention applies.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 17","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","bag"],"jur":["eu","uk","intl"],"air":"EK Emirates","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your Emirates flight","Emirates argued this in Luxembourg, and won","Where a European Emirates route lands","What you can still claim flying back from Dubai","Does the UAE have its own compensation rule?","Where does an Emirates claim go if the airline refuses?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"etihad-compensation","t":"Etihad Compensation: EU261 From Europe, Not From Abu Dhabi","d":"Etihad owes €250–€600 under EU261 leaving an EU airport and £220–£520 leaving the UK. On the leg back from Abu Dhabi only the Montreal Convention applies.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 18","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","voucher","bag"],"jur":["eu","uk","intl"],"air":"EY Etihad","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your Etihad flight","The Etihad case on vouchers","Where a European Etihad route lands","What you can claim on the leg back from Abu Dhabi","Does the UAE have its own compensation rule?","Where does an Etihad claim go if it refuses?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"eurowings-compensation","t":"Eurowings Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Eurowings after a 3-hour arrival delay. A flight brought forward by over an hour is a cancellation — Eurowings lost that case.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 19","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"EW Eurowings","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Eurowings flight","The case Eurowings is actually in","Where the bands fall on a Eurowings route","Name the right company","Where a Eurowings claim goes after a refusal","My Eurowings flight left earlier than booked. Can I claim?","Does the LBA make Eurowings pay me?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"finnair-compensation","t":"Finnair Compensation Claim: EU261 Amounts & Deadlines","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Finnair, and €600 across most of its Asian network. Plus two short clocks: Finnair’s two months and the disputes board’s five.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 20","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"AY Finnair","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Where to send it","The Finnair case that changed denied boarding","Which band a Finnair route lands in","If Finnair refuses","Is a Finnair flight from Asia into Helsinki covered?","Does Finnair have to pay cash rather than a voucher?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"lot-polish-airlines-compensation","t":"LOT Polish Airlines Compensation Claim (EU261)","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from LOT, and Warsaw–London lands 31 km inside the €250 band. Plus the two Court of Justice judgments that carry LOT's own name.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 21","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","connection"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"LO LOT","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your LOT flight","Warsaw–London is €250, and Warsaw–Chicago is €600","Two judgments with LOT's name on them","Where a LOT claim goes after a refusal","My connection through Warsaw made me late. What can I claim?","LOT offered a voucher. Do I have to take it?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"norwegian-compensation","t":"Norwegian Compensation Claim: EU261 Through the EEA","d":"Norway sits outside the EU but EU261 still applies: €250, €400 or €600 by distance. Norwegian is a Community carrier, so the flight home is covered too.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 22","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"DY Norwegian","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Why an airline outside the EU is inside the Regulation","Which band a Norwegian route actually lands in","Where a refused Norwegian claim goes","What we could not verify","Does Norwegian have to pay for a strike by its own crew?","Is the flight from the United States to Oslo covered?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"pegasus-compensation","t":"Pegasus Airlines Compensation Claim: EU261 & UK261","d":"EU261 pays €250 or €400 on a Pegasus flight out of Europe and nothing on the way back from Turkey. Article 3(1)(b) is why, and what you can do instead.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 23","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"PC Pegasus","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The direction rule, in two lines","Where the bands fall on a European departure","Turkey's own rules on the flight home","Where to send a Pegasus claim","Does a connection through Istanbul change the answer?","Pegasus offered a voucher. Can I insist on money?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"qatar-airways-compensation","t":"Qatar Airways Compensation: EU261 Out, Montreal Back","d":"Qatar Airways owes €250–€600 under EU261 leaving an EU airport and £220–£520 leaving the UK. Flying back from Doha, only the Montreal Convention applies.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 24","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","bag"],"jur":["eu","uk","intl"],"air":"QR Qatar Airways","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your Qatar Airways flight","Where a European Qatar Airways route lands","What you can claim on the flight back from Doha","Does Qatar have its own passenger compensation rule?","Where does a Qatar Airways claim go if it refuses?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"sas-compensation","t":"SAS Compensation Claim: Crew Strikes Still Pay Out","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from SAS after a 3-hour arrival delay, and its own crew’s strike is no excuse (C-28/20). Three Scandinavian complaint routes compared.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 25","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","strike"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"SK SAS","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The judgment with SAS's name on it","Which SAS company flew you","Where the bands land from Scandinavia","Three countries, three complaint routes","What we could not verify","Does SAS have to pay when its pilots strike?","What if the strike was air traffic control?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"swiss-compensation","t":"Swiss Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Swiss. Switzerland is in neither the EU nor the EEA: Regulation 261/2004 reaches it through Decision No 1/2006 of October 2006.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 26","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"LX Swiss","m":5,"l":0,"h":["How an EU regulation reaches a non-EU country","Which regime applies to your Swiss flight","Where the bands land from Zurich and Geneva","Where to send a Swiss claim","Is a Swiss flight from a non-EU country to Zurich covered?","Does Swiss have to pay in francs or euros?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"transavia-compensation","t":"Transavia Compensation Claim: Delays & Cancellations","d":"€250, €400 or €600 from Transavia: Amsterdam–Hurghada is €600, Gran Canaria €400. Transavia France is a separate airline with a separate regulator.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 27","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"HV Transavia","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Which regime applies to your Transavia flight","Where the bands land on a Transavia route","Where to send a Transavia claim","Are there Court of Justice cases against Transavia on compensation?","Transavia says the delay was outside its control. Now what?","Does the low fare reduce what Transavia owes?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"turkish-airlines-compensation","t":"Turkish Airlines Compensation Claim: EU261 & UK261","d":"EU261 pays €250–€600 on a Turkish Airlines flight out of Europe and nothing on the way back. Article 3(1)(b) is why, and what you can claim instead.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 28","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"TK Turkish Airlines","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The direction rule, in two lines","Where the bands fall from Istanbul","What you can still claim on the flight home","Turkey's own rules","Where to send a Turkish Airlines claim","Can I claim for a Turkish Airlines connection through Istanbul?","Does a codeshare with an EU airline change the answer?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"united-airlines-compensation","t":"United Airlines Compensation: DOT Refunds and EU261","d":"United owes no US cash for a delay: the rights are refunds and bumping pay capped at $1,075 or $2,150. Leaving an EU airport, EU261 pays a fixed €250–€600.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 29","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","refund","connection"],"jur":["us","eu","intl"],"air":"UA United","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Which rules apply to your United flight","The United case that reaches across the Atlantic","Where a European United departure lands","The US rights, in one screen","What has United itself committed to?","What if United refuses the claim?","The one enforcement pause you should know about","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"westjet-appr-compensation","t":"WestJet Compensation Claim: APPR Delays & Cancellations","d":"CAD 400, 700 or 1,000 from WestJet for a late arrival under the APPR — the amounts WestJet publishes itself, plus the strike exception that cancels them.","c":"airlines","cl":"By airline","code":"AL 30","ty":"airline","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","strike"],"jur":["ca","eu"],"air":"WS WestJet","m":6,"l":0,"h":["How the airline takes the claim","The strike exception is the one to check first","One airline, fewer entities than there used to be","Which regime applies to your WestJet flight","What does WestJet pay for delayed or damaged baggage?","What if WestJet refuses?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"expense-reimbursement-letter","t":"Flight Delay Expenses: Meals & Hotel Claim Letter","d":"Care starts at 2, 3 or 4 hours by distance under Article 6(1) — meals, hotel, transport — and is owed even in extraordinary circumstances. Letter inside.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 01","ty":"letter","sit":["expenses","delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["How much can I claim for a hotel?","Does this apply if I was already paid compensation?","What about a US flight?"]},{"s":"refund-vs-reroute-letter","t":"Cash Refund, Not a Voucher: EU261 Article 8 Letter","d":"A cancelled flight must be refunded within 7 days in cash or by bank transfer — a voucher only if you agree in writing. Copy-paste Article 8 letter.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 02","ty":"letter","sit":["refund","cancel","voucher"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["What is the return flight to the first point of departure?","Does a five-hour delay really let me demand my money back?","I already clicked \"accept voucher\" on their website. Is it final?"]},{"s":"us-dot-refund-letter","t":"US DOT Refund Demand Letter (2024 Automatic Refund Rule)","d":"Cancelled or significantly changed US flight? 14 CFR Part 260 owes you cash within 7 business days on a card, 20 days otherwise. Copy-paste letter.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 03","ty":"letter","sit":["refund","cancel","bag"],"jur":["us"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["What counts as a \"significant change\"?","Can I get the checked-bag fee back?","What about a service I paid for and did not get?"]},{"s":"airline-insolvency-refund","t":"Airline Went Bust: How to Get Your Money Back","d":"When an airline collapses, EU261 compensation usually dies with it — but ATOL, a card chargeback, UK Section 75 or insurance can still return the fare.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 04","ty":"guide","sit":["insolvency","refund"],"jur":["uk","eu"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["What to do, in order","ATOL, if a travel company sold it to you","Card chargeback or Section 75, if you booked direct","Travel insurance","Is there an EU version of ATOL for flight-only tickets?","How long do I have to start a chargeback?","I booked through an online agent, not the airline. Who pays?","Can I still claim EU261 compensation?"]},{"s":"downgrade-reimbursement-letter","t":"Flight Downgrade Refund: EU261 Article 10 Letter","d":"A downgrade pays back 30%, 50% or 75% of the price of that flight within 7 days — not the fare difference. Copy-paste letter citing Article 10(2).","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 05","ty":"letter","sit":["downgrade","refund"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["How much you get back","Is a downgrade the same as denied boarding?","Do I also get delay compensation?","What if the airline moved me for safety or equipment reasons?"]},{"s":"package-holiday-refund-letter","t":"Package Holiday Cancelled? 14-Day Refund Letter","d":"A cancelled package must be refunded within 14 days of termination — regulation 14 (UK) and Article 12(4) (EU). Vouchers only if you agree. Letter inside.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 06","ty":"letter","sit":["package","refund","cancel"],"jur":["uk","eu"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Is a credit note ever acceptable?","What if only the flight was disrupted?","What if the organiser has gone out of business?"]},{"s":"airline-refused-hotel-letter","t":"Airline Refused a Hotel: Article 9 Claim Letter","d":"An overnight stay makes the airline pay for the hotel and the transport to it under Article 9(1)(b) — weather included. Letter to claim the night back.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 07","ty":"letter","sit":["cancel","delay","expenses"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["The airline says the delay was not its fault. Does it still owe the room?","How much can I claim for the room?","What if every hotel was full?"]},{"s":"no-show-return-flight-ban-letter","t":"No-Show Clause: Airline Cancelled My Return Flight","d":"Missed the outbound and the airline voided your return? No CJEU ruling exists, but Spain's Supreme Court struck the clause down. Letter to demand carriage.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 08","ty":"letter","sit":["refund"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Is the no-show clause illegal everywhere in the EU?","Does EU261 help here?","Can I buy a new ticket and claim the cost back?"]},{"s":"paid-extras-refund-letter","t":"Paid Extras Refund Letter: Seat, Bag or Wi-Fi","d":"Paid for a seat, a bag or Wi-Fi and did not get it? A US carrier owes a prompt automatic refund under 14 CFR 260.4. Letter here, with the EU position.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 09","ty":"letter","sit":["refund"],"jur":["us","eu"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Is there any EU rule for a paid seat I did not get?","Does it matter that I never asked for the refund?","The airline offered a voucher for the fee. Do I have to take it?"]},{"s":"tarmac-delay-letter","t":"Tarmac Delay Letter: Stuck on the Plane in the US","d":"US airlines must let you off before 3 hours domestic or 4 international and give water after 2 — but pay nothing. The letter claims your fees back.","c":"refund","cl":"Refunds & expenses","code":"RF 10","ty":"letter","sit":["delay","expenses"],"jur":["us"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Does a tarmac delay pay compensation?","Can the airline keep us on board past three hours?","What if my connection died while we sat there?"]},{"s":"damaged-baggage-letter","t":"Airline Damaged Your Bag? 7-Day Claim Letter","d":"Damaged checked bag on an international flight: liability up to 1,519 SDR, but Article 31(2) gives you only 7 days to complain. Copy-paste letter.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 01","ty":"letter","sit":["bag"],"jur":["intl"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["What evidence actually settles a damage claim?","Repair or replacement — which should I ask for?","The airline says scuffs and minor marks are excluded","Items are missing from the bag, not damaged"]},{"s":"delayed-baggage-letter","t":"Delayed Baggage Claim Letter (Montreal Convention)","d":"Late checked bag on an international flight? The airline owes your reasonable replacement costs up to 1,519 SDR, and you have 21 days to write.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 02","ty":"letter","sit":["bag","expenses"],"jur":["intl"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["How much can I actually claim?","The airline offered a fixed daily amount. Do I have to take it?","Does this work on a US domestic flight?"]},{"s":"lost-baggage-letter","t":"Lost Baggage Claim Letter (Montreal Convention)","d":"A bag missing 21 days is legally lost. Claim the bag and its contents up to 1,519 SDR per passenger with an itemised inventory. Copy-paste letter.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 03","ty":"letter","sit":["bag"],"jur":["intl"],"air":"","m":3,"l":1,"h":["Is the limit per bag or per passenger?","Will the airline pay what the contents cost me?","Do the 7-day and 21-day windows apply to loss too?"]},{"s":"mobility-equipment-damaged-letter","t":"Damaged Wheelchair Claim Letter to an Airline","d":"A damaged wheelchair is not ordinary baggage: seven days to complain in writing under Montreal, and on a US flight the baggage cap does not apply at all.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 04","ty":"letter","sit":["bag"],"jur":["eu","uk","us","intl"],"air":"","m":5,"l":1,"h":["Is the Montreal limit the most I can get?","Does the EU regulation pay more than Montreal?","Does the US rule apply to my flight?","What if I only found the damage at home?"]},{"s":"pilfered-baggage-letter","t":"Items Missing from a Checked Bag: Claim Letter","d":"Things taken from a checked bag are damage under Montreal Article 17(2): seven days to complain in writing, up to 1,519 SDR. Letter with an item list.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 05","ty":"letter","sit":["bag"],"jur":["intl"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Is theft from a bag really treated as damage?","Do I need a police report?","How do I prove what was in the bag?"]},{"s":"special-declaration-higher-value","t":"Declare a Higher Bag Value: Montreal Article 22(2)","d":"Baggage liability stops at 1,519 SDR unless you declare a higher value as you hand the bag over and pay what the airline asks. The declaration to use.","c":"baggage","cl":"Baggage","code":"BG 06","ty":"letter","sit":["bag"],"jur":["intl"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["How much does a declaration cost?","Does the declaration help if the bag is only late?","Is travel insurance a better answer?"]},{"s":"eu261-uk261-amounts","t":"How Much Flight Delay Compensation? EU261 & UK261 Amounts","d":"EU261 pays €250, €400 or €600 and UK261 pays £220, £350 or £520, fixed by great-circle distance to your final destination rather than by the fare you paid.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 01","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Where the three-hour rule actually comes from","EU261 amounts (Article 7(1))","UK261 amounts (retained Article 7(1))","The 50 per cent reduction, stated once","Which flights are covered","What else you are owed, whatever the cause","How much compensation for a 3-hour flight delay?","How much for a 4-hour delay?","How long do I have to claim?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"extraordinary-circumstances","t":"Extraordinary Circumstances EU261: When You Get Nothing","d":"Extraordinary circumstances is the only defence to a €250–€600 EU261 claim: the CJEU cases that decide it, by number, and the refusals that do not stand up.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 02","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","refused","strike"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["What the airline has to show","Usually extraordinary — compensation is excused","Usually not extraordinary — compensation is owed","Is bad weather always an extraordinary circumstance?","Does an earlier delay to the same aircraft count?","The airline says it was extraordinary. What now?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"montreal-convention-baggage","t":"Montreal Convention Baggage Limits & 7/21-Day Deadlines","d":"1,519 SDR is the baggage liability cap on international flights since 28 December 2024, with 7- and 21-day written-complaint deadlines and two years to sue.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 03","ty":"reference","sit":["bag","delay","expenses"],"jur":["intl","eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The limits in force since 28 December 2024","One cap for the whole bag","The deadlines are short and hard","When is a delayed bag treated as lost?","Does Montreal apply to my flight?","Can I claim EU261 and Montreal for the same flight?","What the airline will ask for"]},{"s":"us-passenger-rights","t":"US Flight Passenger Rights: DOT Refunds & Bumping Pay","d":"US rules pay nothing for a delay, but force an automatic refund after a cancellation or a 3-hour domestic change, and pay up to $1,075 or $2,150 for bumping.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 04","ty":"reference","sit":["refund","bumped","bag","delay","cancel"],"jur":["us"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["1. Automatic refunds (14 CFR part 260)","2. Denied boarding — 14 CFR 250.5","3. Delays and cancellations — no federal cash payout","4. Tarmac delays — 14 CFR 259.4","5. Baggage","6. The one enforcement pause you should know about","Do I get compensation for a delayed US flight?","Can the airline give me a voucher instead of a refund?","Does EU261 ever apply to a US trip?","How to complain"]},{"s":"airline-strikes-compensation","t":"Flight Cancelled by a Strike: Do You Get Compensation?","d":"A strike by the airline's own crew still pays €250–€600 under EU261; an ATC or airport strike usually does not. The CJEU cases, and how to prove whose strike.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 05","ty":"reference","sit":["strike","delay","cancel","refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Whose strike was it?","Why the airline's own staff strike still pays","Why external strikes usually do not","Bumped from a later flight after a strike","What to do, in order","Does a strike announced weeks ago still count?","The strike was in another country. Who do I complain to?","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"codeshare-which-airline-pays","t":"Codeshare Flight Delay: Which Airline Owes You?","d":"EU261 puts the €250–€600 on the operating carrier, not the airline whose code you booked. Article 2(b), the wet-lease rule, and when the first-leg carrier pays.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 06","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","connection","refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The rule: Article 2(b)","How to identify it in 30 seconds","Wet lease: the lessor is not the operating carrier","The first-leg carrier can pay for a partner's leg","If both airlines point at each other","Does the frequent-flyer programme I booked through matter?","My flight was operated by a regional subsidiary. Who pays?"]},{"s":"connecting-flights-final-destination","t":"Missed Connection Compensation: The Final Destination Rule","d":"EU261 measures the three-hour delay at your final destination, not leg by leg, so a missed connection on one booking can be worth €250, €400 or €600.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 07","ty":"reference","sit":["connection","delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["What Folkerts decided","The distance band is measured over the whole journey","What counts as one journey","Who you claim from on a mixed-carrier connection","Does the journey still have to be in scope?","My connection was short and I missed it by minutes. Whose fault is that?","I was re-routed and still arrived late. Do I get less?","What to do next","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"eu261-non-eu-airlines","t":"Does EU261 Cover Non-EU Airlines? Emirates, Turkish & More","d":"EU261 covers any airline leaving an EU airport but only EU carriers flying in from outside, so the same €600 route pays one way and nothing the other.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 08","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The rule in Article 3(1)","Two worked examples","Where an EU airline flies you in from outside","Departing the UK and arriving in the EU on an EU carrier","Connecting trips","Is a codeshare on an EU number enough?","The UK261 parallel","Rules in force today"]},{"s":"how-flight-distance-is-measured","t":"Flight Distance & EU261 Bands: 44 Common Routes in km","d":"EU261 bands run at 1,500 km and 3,500 km great-circle to your final destination. A computed table of 44 routes, the intra-EU €400 cap, and the borderline traps.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 09","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Two details decide your band","The intra-EU €400 cap","44 routes, computed","How do I work out my own distance?","Does a stopover add distance?","Which distance applies if the airline re-routed me?"]},{"s":"canada-appr-compensation-amounts","t":"Canada APPR Compensation: CAD 400, 700 or 1,000","d":"CAD 400, 700 or 1,000 from a large airline for a 3, 6 or 9-hour late arrival under Canada's APPR, plus the control test that decides if you get it.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 10","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","bag"],"jur":["ca"],"air":"","m":7,"l":0,"h":["What the APPR pays for a delay or a cancellation","The category decides everything","Denied boarding pays more","Food, a phone and a hotel","Baggage","Does EU261 also apply to a Canada–Europe flight?","What if the airline says the delay was outside its control?","Is the APPR about to change?"]},{"s":"claim-time-limit-by-country","t":"Flight Compensation Time Limit by Country","d":"6 years in England and Wales, 5 in Scotland, 3 in Germany: there is no EU-wide deadline for a 261/2004 claim. Baggage runs on 7-day and 21-day clocks.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 11","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped","court"],"jur":["eu","uk","intl"],"air":"","m":7,"l":0,"h":["Why there is no single European deadline","What we could verify","What we could not verify","Baggage runs on different, much shorter clocks","Scheme and regulator deadlines","A nine-month EU deadline is coming","Is there a two-year limit on EU261 claims?","Which country's deadline applies to my flight?","Should I wait for the ADR scheme before going to court?"]},{"s":"eu261-reform-2026","t":"EU261 Reform 2026: What Changes and When It Applies","d":"The €250, €400 and €600 amounts and the three-hour trigger survive the 2026 EU261 reform. It applies 12 months after publication in the Official Journal.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 12","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"","m":7,"l":0,"h":["The law for a flight you take today","What was adopted, and when","When it starts to apply","What changes, with the article number","Three things being reported loosely","What to do now","Does the reform cut EU261 compensation to €300?","When do the new EU261 rules start?","Can I rely on the 96-hour and 30-day rules now?","Does the reform change UK261?"]},{"s":"eu261-vs-montreal-convention","t":"EU261 vs Montreal Convention: Which One Pays You?","d":"EU261 pays a fixed €250, €400 or €600. Montreal pays proven loss up to 1,519 SDR for a bag. Both can apply to one flight; Article 12 stops double payment.","c":"reference","cl":"Know your rights","code":"RT 13","ty":"reference","sit":["delay","bag","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk","intl"],"air":"","m":7,"l":0,"h":["The Court settled this in 2006","What each one covers","Article 12: both, but not twice","The treaty text says 1,000 SDR. The limit today is higher","The clocks are the sharpest difference","Can I claim EU261 and Montreal for the same flight?","Does the Montreal Convention pay for a delayed flight?","Can I claim punitive damages from an airline?"]},{"s":"airline-offered-voucher-instead-of-cash","t":"Airline Offered a Voucher Instead of Cash: Can You Refuse?","d":"Yes. EU261 owes the money in cash or bank transfer within 7 days, US rules owe it in the original form of payment, and a package refund within 14 days.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 01","ty":"guide","sit":["voucher","refund"],"jur":["eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["EU and UK: Article 8(1)(a) with Article 7(3)","United States: original form of payment, and no assumed consent","Package holidays: 14 days, from the organiser","What \"signed agreement\" means in practice","If you already took the voucher","Can an airline force a voucher instead of a refund?","How long does the airline have to pay the money?","Is a voucher worth more than the cash?"]},{"s":"business-trip-who-gets-the-money","t":"Business Trip Delayed: Who Keeps the Compensation?","d":"The €250, €400 or €600 belongs to the passenger who flew, not to the employer who paid the fare. What your travel policy can and cannot do about it.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 02","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["What the Regulation attaches the right to","What the Regulation does not decide","Expenses are a different pot","The loss the fixed sum does not cover","My employer paid for the flight — can they claim instead of me?","Do I have to tell my employer I claimed?","Can the airline refuse because the ticket was a corporate fare?"]},{"s":"compensation-for-children-and-infants","t":"Flight Compensation for Children and Lap Infants","d":"A child with a paid seat is worth the same €250, €400 or €600 as an adult. A lap infant with no seat and no boarding pass is outside EU261.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 03","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The provision that decides it","The infant ruling","Where the line actually falls","Who paid the fare is irrelevant","Care does not depend on the fixed sum","Does a child on a discounted child fare get less money?","My infant had a paid seat of their own — do they count?","What about an unaccompanied minor?"]},{"s":"compensation-on-a-cheap-ticket","t":"Cheap Ticket, Full Compensation? EU261 Ignores the Fare","d":"€250, €400 or €600 are set by distance, not by what you paid, so the fixed sum can be several times the price of a budget ticket. The one exception.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 04","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Article 7 never looks at your fare","Where your fare does matter","The one exception: a fare not available to the public","When the fixed sum is not enough","Can the compensation be more than I paid for the flight?","Does a sale fare or a promo code take me out of EU261?","The airline offered my fare back instead — should I take it?"]},{"s":"denied-boarding-not-overbooking","t":"Denied Boarding Without Overbooking: Are You Owed?","d":"Denied boarding is not limited to overbooking. €250, €400 or €600 is due under Article 4(3) unless the airline had reasonable grounds to refuse you.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 05","ty":"guide","sit":["bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The definition does the work","The case that settled it","What counts as reasonable grounds","Care and re-routing come too","When the fixed sum does not cover the damage","I arrived late at the gate — is that denied boarding?","The airline downgraded me instead of refusing me — same thing?","Can they pay me in vouchers?"]},{"s":"flight-cancelled-less-than-14-days","t":"Flight Cancelled Under 14 Days' Notice: What You Get","d":"Cancelled with less than 14 days' notice pays €250, €400 or €600 on top of a refund — unless the replacement flight fits the Article 5(1)(c) time windows.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 06","ty":"guide","sit":["cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The notice grid, exactly as Article 5(1)(c) writes it","Refund and compensation are two different things","The near-identical-schedule exception, in practice","What still applies if the cause was extraordinary","Is 14 days counted from the cancellation email or the flight?","Does a cancelled flight pay a refund and compensation?","What if the airline changed the flight instead of cancelling it?"]},{"s":"flight-delayed-3-hours-compensation","t":"Flight Delayed 3 Hours: How Much Compensation?","d":"€250, €400 or €600 under EU261 and £220, £350 or £520 under UK261 once you land three or more hours late at your final destination. Set by distance.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 07","ty":"guide","sit":["delay"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The amount, by distance","Three hours, measured on arrival","Where the three-hour rule comes from","Three hours or four on a long flight","What beats the claim","Is the delay measured at departure or arrival?","Does a cheap ticket mean less money?","What if I was 2 hours 55 minutes late?"]},{"s":"flight-delayed-overnight-hotel","t":"Flight Delayed Overnight: Who Pays for the Hotel?","d":"Article 9(1)(b) puts the hotel and the transport to it on the airline once a night becomes necessary — with no cap, and whatever caused the delay.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 08","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","expenses"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Tonight, in five steps","What the Regulation actually promises","What \"reasonable\" means when you book it yourself","Claiming it back","The airline says the delay was not its fault — do I still get a hotel?","How much can I spend on the room?","Can they give me a voucher for the hotel instead of paying?"]},{"s":"right-to-care-thresholds","t":"When Does an Airline Owe You Meals and a Hotel?","d":"Care starts after a 2, 3 or 4-hour wait set by distance under Article 6(1) — and it is still owed when the cause was extraordinary.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 09","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","expenses"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The wait that starts the clock","What care actually means","The UK thresholds are not identical","Extraordinary circumstances do not switch care off","Getting it back after the fact","Is there a limit on what the airline has to spend?","Does care come out of my compensation?","The airline gave me nothing — what now?"]},{"s":"separate-tickets-missed-connection","t":"Separate Tickets, Missed Connection: What You Can Claim","d":"One booking puts €250–€600 on the table; two tickets do not. What the first airline still owes you, and what a self-transfer guarantee is really worth.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 10","ty":"guide","sit":["connection","delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["Why one booking is the whole protection","What the first airline still owes you","The exception that catches people out: one booking, foreign partner","What a self-transfer guarantee is actually worth","What to do at the airport","Does travel on one booking with two airlines still count?","What if I bought the second ticket to save money?"]},{"s":"what-to-do-at-the-airport-now","t":"Flight Cancelled? What to Do at the Airport Now","d":"Five things before you leave the terminal, in the order that protects the €250, €400 or €600 — and why a voucher only counts if you sign for it.","c":"explainers","cl":"Your situation, explained","code":"XP 11","ty":"guide","sit":["delay","cancel","bumped"],"jur":["eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The next hour, in five steps","What you can ask for, and under what","In the United States it is a different set of rules","Once you are home","The desk says the delay is weather — is there any point claiming?","Should I book my own hotel or wait for the airline?","They are offering me a rebooking tomorrow — do I have to take it?"]},{"s":"avoid-claim-mills","t":"Claim It Yourself vs Claim Agencies (Keep 100%)","d":"A €250–€600 claim is one letter and, if refused, one free regulator complaint. What an agency does for its cut, and the four cases where paying one wins.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 01","ty":"guide","sit":["refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":0,"h":["What the money buys","What to do yourself, in order","When doing it yourself is the obvious call","When paying an agency makes sense","Do airlines treat agency claims differently?","Does the fee come out of expenses too?","Who keeps the money if my employer paid for the ticket?","Is a no-win-no-fee agreement really no risk?"]},{"s":"escalate-to-regulator","t":"Airline Refused Your Claim? Escalate to the Regulator","d":"Free routes after a refusal: the national enforcement body, a binding UK ADR decision within 12 months, the DOT, a chargeback, or small claims.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 02","ty":"guide","sit":["refused","court"],"jur":["eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":4,"l":0,"h":["What to do, in order","1. Get a written, final answer first","2. Escalate to the right body","3. Backstops that work","Claiming against a specific airline","What if the airline never replies at all?","Does escalating cost anything?","Which country's body do I complain to?","The airline offered part of it, not all"]},{"s":"chargeback-refund-letter","t":"Airline Won't Refund? Chargeback & Section 75 Letter","d":"Get your bank to reverse the payment. Chargeback runs on card-scheme rules; UK Section 75 covers credit-card purchases over £100 up to £30,000.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 03","ty":"letter","sit":["refund","refused","insolvency"],"jur":["uk","eu"],"air":"","m":5,"l":1,"h":["Chargeback or Section 75","Will a chargeback work for EU261 compensation?","Can I do this while the airline is still considering my refund?","What if the airline has gone out of business?"]},{"s":"airline-not-replying-follow-up-letter","t":"Airline Not Replying? The 14-Day Follow-Up Letter","d":"14 days, dated, with the escalation route named: the free chaser letter to send when an airline has not answered an EU261, UK261 or US DOT claim.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 04","ty":"letter","sit":["refused"],"jur":["eu","uk","us"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["When silence becomes a refusal","Where does the file go next?","Should I send a final demand instead?","Does chasing restart the time limit?"]},{"s":"final-demand-letter-before-court","t":"Letter Before Claim: Final Demand to an Airline","d":"14 days to pay before you issue: a letter before claim built to the England and Wales Pre-Action Conduct Practice Direction, plus Scotland and Ireland.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 05","ty":"letter","sit":["court","refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":1,"h":["What the Practice Direction actually asks for","Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland","Does a letter before claim have to be posted?","What if the airline replies and disputes the facts?","What happens if I have to issue?"]},{"s":"germany-mahnverfahren-flight-claim","t":"Mahnverfahren: Claim Flight Compensation in Germany","d":"Three years from the end of the flight’s calendar year (BGB §§195, 199). Two free routes first, then the Mahnbescheid — and what a Widerspruch does.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 06","ty":"guide","sit":["court","refused"],"jur":["eu"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The three-year clock, and why it ends at New Year","Two free routes to try first","What a Mahnbescheid actually is","Is the Mahnverfahren worth it for one flight?","Can I claim in English?","Which airlines does this route cover?"]},{"s":"get-the-reason-in-writing-letter","t":"Ask the Airline for the Reason in Writing","d":"Article 5(3) makes the airline prove extraordinary circumstances. This letter asks for the cause and the evidence behind it before you escalate or sue.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 07","ty":"letter","sit":["refused","delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Does the airline have to tell me the cause?","What do I do with the answer?","What if they ignore the letter?"]},{"s":"partial-settlement-letter","t":"Airline Paid Part of the Claim? Demand the Balance","d":"The airline paid some of it, or offered less than Article 7 sets. Take it without prejudice as a part payment and claim the rest — with the exact wording.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 08","ty":"letter","sit":["refused"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":4,"l":1,"h":["Can I keep the money and still claim the rest?","The airline halved the compensation. Was it entitled to?","They paid me in vouchers. Does that count as payment?"]},{"s":"small-claims-uk-mcol-flight","t":"Money Claim Online: Suing an Airline for Compensation","d":"Court fees start at £35 up to £300 and £70 for a claim of £500.01–£1,000, which is where a £520 UK261 claim sits. What to file, the hearing, enforcement.","c":"escalate","cl":"If they refuse","code":"EX 09","ty":"guide","sit":["court"],"jur":["uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["Try ADR first, then court","What you file","Court fees on 6 September 2026","After you file","How long do I have to sue an airline in England?","Do I need a solicitor?","Can I claim for more than one passenger?"]},{"s":"airhelp-vs-diy-honest-math","t":"Claim Agency or Do It Yourself? The Honest Math","d":"A quarter-to-a-third fee takes €63–€83 out of a €250 claim and €150–€200 out of a €600 one. When that is worth paying, and the free route step by step.","c":"compare","cl":"Honest comparisons","code":"CP 01","ty":"compare","sit":["refused","delay","cancel","court"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":6,"l":0,"h":["What an agency actually does for the money","The arithmetic","When an agency is genuinely the better call","The free route, step by step","What we cannot do for you","Is it hard to claim compensation yourself?","Do airlines pay individuals less than agencies?","What about a no-win-no-fee promise?"]},{"s":"travel-insurance-vs-eu261","t":"Travel Insurance vs EU261: Which Pays for a Delay?","d":"EU261 pays a fixed €250, €400 or €600 from the airline with no proof of loss. Insurance pays a proven loss to a policy limit. How to use both.","c":"compare","cl":"Honest comparisons","code":"CP 02","ty":"compare","sit":["delay","cancel"],"jur":["eu","uk"],"air":"","m":5,"l":0,"h":["The two things, side by side","What the Regulation gives you that no policy does","What a policy gives you that EU261 does not","The order to claim in","Can I claim from both the airline and my insurer?","Does insurance pay if the airline refuses my compensation?","Do I have to claim from the airline first?"]}]}